The crossbow is a ranged weapon that is similar to an archer’s bow and arrow. A crossbow consists of two attached pieces; the bow, known as a prod or lath, is elasticized and joined at both ends by a drawstring. The prod is attached horizontally to a gun-like device known as a stock or tiller. The user can hold the crossbow in his hand as if it was a gun. A crossbow fires arrow-like projectiles called bolts or quarrels. An individual who uses a crossbow is known as a crossbowman, or an arbalist.
Operation
There is a mechanical locking component on a crossbow that holds the drawstring in a firing position. When the drawstring is secured the user can place the bolt on the crossbow. When the user is ready to fire a bolt he just has to pull a gun-like trigger. An advantage of using a crossbow instead of a bow and arrow is that the drawstring does not have to be held; this places less strain on the user’s body.
History
It is believed that the crossbow first appeared in China and Europe around the 7th to 5th centuries BC. There is a theory that medieval European crossbows originated from China.
The crossbow was replaced by guns in Europe by the 16th century, and by the 18th century in China.
Modern Usage
Today the crossbow is used mostly for competitive target shooting. Marine biologists use crossbows with special projectiles in whale research to take blubber biopsy samples without harming the whales or other marine animals.
Popular Culture
- Scarlet is a fictional character who appears in the G.I. Joe cartoons, films, and comic books; her weapon of choice is the crossbow.
- Van Helsing is a fictional character who uses a crossbow to fight evil creatures.
